Bleeding gums are not a natural sign and generally indicate poor gum health. This may manifest as blood in your saliva when brushing your teeth, which can indicate periodontal diseases. The good news is that these diseases can be stabilised with the right advice and action. However, if left untreated, the condition can progress into a deep-seated problem called periodontitis, which can cause tooth loss and affect your general health and well-being.
If you notice any bleeding or other changes in your gum health, it is important to visit your dentist as soon as possible for a proper diagnosis and guidance. Gum disease is preventable, and treatment is generally effective, allowing you to keep your teeth for life. Maintaining healthy gums can also boost your confidence, self-esteem, and overall quality of life.
8 out of 10 people aged 35 and over suffer from gum complaints and periodontal diseases are the most common conditions suffered by European populations but are among the least acknowledged. Periodontal disease does not tend to cause pain or intense discomfort, but the most frequent symptom is bleeding gums.
The difference between Periodontitis and Gingivitis
Periodontitis is the profound inflammation of the gum and other tissues supporting the tooth which can lead to tooth loss whilst it may also affect general health such as an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or adverse pregnancy outcomes. Gingivitis is the early stages of periodontal disease, which is reversible at this point through improved oral health. The main warning sign is bleeding (but not in smokers) and if not correctly treated it can lead to periodontitis.
The causes of Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition that can have various underlying causes. The primary causes of periodontal disease include:
- Plaque build-up: Inadequate oral hygiene, leading to the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, on the teeth and gums.
- Genetics: Some individuals are genetically predisposed to developing periodontal disease, even with good oral hygiene.
- Smoking and tobacco use: Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal disease, as it weakens the immune system and impairs the body’s ability to fight off infection.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those experienced during pregnancy, puberty, or menopause, can make the gums more susceptible to inflammation and infection.
- Systemic diseases: Conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis can make individuals more prone to periodontal disease.
Removing bacterial plaque
The most effective way to prevent periodontitis and gingivitis is to remove the bacterial plaque from your teeth through effective cleaning techniques. Your dental team will demonstrate the specific methods that work best for you. Their professional guidance is vital, as simply “brushing” may not be enough.
Both manual and power (electric) toothbrushes can be effective, but rechargeable power brushes (not battery-powered) are slightly more efficient. Your dental team will advise you on the best option for your needs, but remember that both types can be effective when used properly.
Generally, small-headed brushes with medium bristles are recommended, but there is no significant difference in design that makes one type significantly better than another. The key is to brush twice a day: ideally before breakfast and before bedtime, allowing about 30-60 minutes after eating.
If your gums are healthy and you want to prevent the onset of gingivitis, then 2 minutes of brushing and interdental cleaning is advisable. However, if you already have gum disease, this amount of time will likely be insufficient.
Interdental brushing
Brushing alone only reaches 60% of the tooth surface, therefore is it recommended to use interdental aids such as floss and/or interdental brushes in conjunction with brushing.
Your dental hygienist or dentist will advise you on the correct interdental brush type and size, and you may need several different sizes to clean your entire mouth effectively. The correct and safe technique can be demonstrated at your dental visit.
Mouth rinses
Mouth rinses can offer additional benefits to tooth brushing in the management of gingivitis, but they are not a substitute for physically removing plaque or the time spent brushing. Using a mouth rinse between brushing sessions may help, but it should not replace the essential mechanical removal of plaque. Disclosing solution or tablets can also be used at home to identify areas on your teeth that you maybe missing.
By following these guidelines and working closely with your dental team, you can effectively prevent periodontal disease and keep your teeth and gums healthy for life. Remember, healthy gums are not only essential for your oral well-being but can also positively impact your overall health, confidence, and quality of life.
If you would like more information on preventing Periodontal Disease, then please contact us here.
